From the clinic to algorithmic prediction: Critical reflections on artificial intelligence, neurotechnology and subjectivity in contemporary psychiatry

De la clínica a la predicción algorítmica: reflexiones críticas sobre la inteligencia artificial, las neurotecnologías y la subjetividad en la psiquiatría contemporánea

Abstract

The progressive incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI), neurotechnologies, and biomarkers into psychiatric practice has opened a field of profound clinical, diagnostic, and epistemological transformations. From the use of machine learning algorithms to predict hospitalizations for schizophrenia to the identification of functional biomarkers through neuroimaging, digital sensors, and explainable artificial intelligence, contemporary psychiatry is moving toward more precise and objectified models of psychological suffering. However, this technological shift raises substantial questions about the limits of neurobiological reductionism, the clinical interpretation of data, the ethics of algorithmic diagnosis, and the role of subjectivity in mental health care.