Clozapine-associated myocarditis and cardiomyopathy: Epidemiology, clinical picture, risk factors, and management

Authors

  • Drs. Trino Baptista Department of Physiology, Los Andes University Medical School, Mérida, Venezuela
  • Edgardo Carrizo Institute of Clinical Investigation “Dr. Americo Negrette”, Zulia University, Maracaibo, Venezuela
  • Nayibe Rojas Department of Psychiatry, Los Andes University Medical School, Merida, Venezuela.
  • Erika Fernández Institute of Clinical Investigation “Dr. Americo Negrette”, Zulia University, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
  • Gabriela Velez Department of Psychiatry, Los Andes University Medical School, Merida, Venezuela.
  • Mercedes Servigna Center for the Attention of Schizophrenia Patients and their Family, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
  • Ana Serrano Department of Psychiatry, Los Andes University Medical School, Merida, Venezuela
  • Ignacio Sandia Department of Psychiatry, Los Andes University Medical School, Merida, Venezuela

Keywords:

Antipsychotic drugs, frequency, heart disease, schizophrenia, Fármacos antipsicóticos, frecuencia, enfermedad cardíaca, esquizofrenia

Abstract

Clozapine (CLZ) is the first-choice drug in the treatment of resistant schizophrenia but is also non-labeled used in dementia, bipolar disorder, severe anxiety, autism, and abnormal movement disorders, among many others. Clozapine’s use is limited by clinically-relevant side effects such as neutropenia, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, gastrointestinal hypomotility, and pneumonia. Heart dysfunction, particularly myocarditis, while lower than 0.1-1 % per year, imposes a serious health risk.

La clozapina (CLZ) es el fármaco de primera elección en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia resistente, pero también se usa en la demencia, el trastorno bipolar, la ansiedad severa, el autismo y los trastornos anormales del movimiento, entre muchos otros. El uso de clozapina está limitado por sus efectos secundarios clínicamente relevantes, como neutropenia, miocarditis, cardiomiopatía, hipomotilidad gastrointestinal y neumonía. La disfunción cardíaca, particularmente la miocarditis, aunque es inferior al 0.1-1% por año, impone un grave riesgo para la salud.

How to Cite

Baptista, D. T., Carrizo, E., Rojas, N., Fernández, E., Velez, G., Servigna, M., … Sandia, I. (2020). Clozapine-associated myocarditis and cardiomyopathy: Epidemiology, clinical picture, risk factors, and management. Gaceta Médica De Caracas, 128(3), 275–279. Retrieved from https://saber.ucv.ve/ojs/index.php/rev_gmc/article/view/19356

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Section

ARTÍCULOS DE REVISIÓN

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