Fecal short-chain fatty acids and growth factors (IGF-1, TGF-β1, Leptin) in stunting children

Ácidos grasos de cadena corta y factores de crecimiento (IGF-1, TGF-β1, leptina) en las heces de niños con retraso del crecimiento

Abstract

Background: Stunting is not only caused by macronutrient deficiencies but also involves impaired metabolic signaling through the gut-bone axis. Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) from the gut microbiota are strongly suspected to influence the secretion of bone growth regulators, including IGF-1, TGF-β1, and leptin. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous effects of SCFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate) on three biomarkers in children with stunting. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 50 children (25 stunting, 25 non-stunting) aged 36–60 months in West Bandung Regency. SCFA concentrations in feces were measured by gas chromatography, and ELISA analyzed serum biomarkers (IGF-1, TGF-β1, leptin). Data analysis used comparative tests, bivariate correlations, and path analysis. Results: No significant differences were found in absolute SCFA levels or serum biomarkers between the two groups.