Public policies and their impact on the development of science

Abstract

Science and technology have played an important role as a driving force behind human progress in recent centuries. However, scientific and technological development cannot advance in an uncontrolled manner, because it requires policies that channel and direct activity, giving it responsibility and commitment, and an ethical dimension in response to the demands of the community and complex environments. Policies serve as a means of learning, as a dynamic response to environmental change, through a proactive and collaborative process among stakeholders, focused on the community. Numerous factors, including development strategies, international policy guidelines, recommendations from international organizations, and societal conceptions of the role of science and technology, have influenced the development of science and technology policies in South America. In Venezuela, policies have shaped the development of a concept centered on socially inclusive approaches. However, there is still a need to refine policies for conceiving an alternative and dynamic strategy to integrate science and technology into social, sustainable, and viable development, in a context as demanding as the VICA2. This research aims to open a window for discussion, exploring the importance of public policies on science and technology in developing countries. It also presents evidence of transformative strategies and practices employed by various nations to promote technological progress, with a focus on the well-being of their communities