PRIMER REPORTE EN VENEZUELA DEL SÍNDROME DE EMACIACIÓN MULTISISTÉMICO POST-DESTETE PORCINO
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En años recientes el Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Post Destete Porcino (PMWS) ha tenido importancia en la industria porcina en muchos países, particularmente en Canadá, Europa, Estados Unidos de América, Asia y Sur América. El síndrome afecta cerdos jóvenes, principalmente entre 6 y 14 semanas de edad. El PMWS está caracterizado por emaciación, neumonía, diarrea, ictericia y aumento de volumen de los linfonódulos. El síndrome ha sido asociado con un circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV2) y, simultáneamente pueden ocurrir otras enfermedades: parvovirus porcino, virus del síndrome respiratorio y reproductivo porcino (PRRS), etc. El diagnóstico del PMWS se basa en la edad de los cerdos afectados, la típica apariencia de emaciación, hallazgos de necropsia, histopatológicos, y exámenes de Hibridación in situ (HIS) en tejidos que revelan la presencia de PCV2. El presente estudio se realizó en 12 lechones de 8 a 12 semanas de edad, ubicados en 3 granjas porcinas de estados centrales de Venezuela (Aragua/Carabobo). Los lechones presentaban signos de consunción, palidez generalizada, disnea, diarrea e hipertrofia de linfonódulos superficiales inguinales. A la necropsia se evidenció neumonía con pulmones no colapsables e incremento de tamaño de linfonódulos inguinales, mesentéricos y traqueobronquiales; mientras en la histopatología se evidenció depleción linfoide con pérdida de la arquitectura folicular en linfonódulos, bazo y placas de Peyer, con presencia de infiltración histiocitaria, células sincitiales y corpúsculos intensamente basófilos intracitoplasmáticos en histiocitos, lo cual es altamente sugestivo de PMWS. Adicionalmente se procesaron muestras de estos mismos tejidos mediante una técnica de HIS, que permitió demostrar la presencia de PCV2 en los tejidos linfoides afectados y confirmar el diagnóstico de PMWS. Esta es la primera descripción de esta entidad patologica en Venezuela.
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Swine Syndrome, First Report in Venezuela
Abstract
In recent years Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome has become of significant concern in the swine industry in many countries, particularly Canada, United States of America, Europe, Asia and South America. The syndrome affects pigs mainly between 6 and 14 weeks of age. It is characterized by wasting, pneumonia, diarrhea, jaundice and enlarged lymph nodes. The syndrome has been associated with a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and simultaneous infections with porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) etc. The diagnosis of PMWS syndrome is based on the age of affected pigs, typical wasting appearance and necropsy lesions, histopathologic study and in situ hybridization (ISH) of affected tissues, showing the presence of PCV2 by HIS methods. The present study was performed in 12 piglets between 8 and 12 weeks of age, located in 3 porcine farms from Central States of Venezuelan (Aragua/Carabobo). The pigs showed signs of comsumption, pallor, dispnea, diarrhea, and enlarged superficial inguinal lymph nodes. At necropsy there was evidence of pneumonia with noncolapsable lungs as well as inguinal, mesenteric and tracheobronchial lymph nodes enlargement The histopathology study showed lymphoid depletion, with loss of follicles architecture in lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer´s patches, histiocytic infiltration, sincitial cells and basophilic cytoplasmic inclussions in histiocytic cells. The findings described are suggestive of PMWS. The same tissues specimen were processed by a technique of IHS and revealed the presence of PCV2 in the affected lymphoid tissues to confirm the diagnosis of PMWS. This is the first description of the syndrome in Venezuela.
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Swine Syndrome, First Report in Venezuela
Abstract
In recent years Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome has become of significant concern in the swine industry in many countries, particularly Canada, United States of America, Europe, Asia and South America. The syndrome affects pigs mainly between 6 and 14 weeks of age. It is characterized by wasting, pneumonia, diarrhea, jaundice and enlarged lymph nodes. The syndrome has been associated with a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and simultaneous infections with porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) etc. The diagnosis of PMWS syndrome is based on the age of affected pigs, typical wasting appearance and necropsy lesions, histopathologic study and in situ hybridization (ISH) of affected tissues, showing the presence of PCV2 by HIS methods. The present study was performed in 12 piglets between 8 and 12 weeks of age, located in 3 porcine farms from Central States of Venezuelan (Aragua/Carabobo). The pigs showed signs of comsumption, pallor, dispnea, diarrhea, and enlarged superficial inguinal lymph nodes. At necropsy there was evidence of pneumonia with noncolapsable lungs as well as inguinal, mesenteric and tracheobronchial lymph nodes enlargement The histopathology study showed lymphoid depletion, with loss of follicles architecture in lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer´s patches, histiocytic infiltration, sincitial cells and basophilic cytoplasmic inclussions in histiocytic cells. The findings described are suggestive of PMWS. The same tissues specimen were processed by a technique of IHS and revealed the presence of PCV2 in the affected lymphoid tissues to confirm the diagnosis of PMWS. This is the first description of the syndrome in Venezuela.
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