Tendencias dietéticas y barrera cutánea infantil: Revisión sistemática sobre dermatosis por exclusión alimentaria

Veronika Andreina Ostoich Campos; Lilianny del Carmen Pineda Chopite; María Tauil; Gabriela Córdova; Beatriz García

doi:10.37910/RDP.2026.15.1.e447

Authors

Veronika Andreina Ostoich Campos Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Militar "Dr. Vicente Salías Sanoja". Caracas, Venezuela.
Lilianny del Carmen Pineda Chopite Hospital Militar "Dr. Vicente Salías Sanoja". Caracas, Venezuela.
María Tauil Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Militar "Dr. Vicente Salias Sanoja". Caracas, Venezuela.
Gabriela Córdova Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Militar "Dr. Vicente Salias Sanoja". Caracas, Venezuela
Beatriz García Hospital Militar "Dr. Vicente Salias Sanoja". Caracas, Venezuela.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37910/RDP.2026.15.1.e447

Keywords:

Nutritional Deficiencies, Skin Diseases, Pediatrics, Diet, Vegan, Diet, Restricted, Skin Barrier

Abstract

Introduction: Contemporary pediatrics faces the resurgence of classic deficiency pathologies in environments of apparent food abundance, a phenomenon known as "malnutrition by selection." Objective: To determine the impact of new dietary trends and dietary restrictions on the integrity of the infant skin barrier, identifying dermatological manifestations as early indicators of nutritional deficiency. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eighteen articles from PubMed and seven supporting sources regarding the impact of exclusion diets (veganism, ARFID, fad diets) in individuals under 18 years of age were analyzed. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and JBI tools. Results: A critical prevalence of scurvy was identified in patients with sensory selectivity, as well as acquired acrodermatitis in plant-based regimens without supplementation. Cutaneous semiology acted as a earlier biomarker than serum levels. Conclusions: The skin barrier is the primary metabolic sentinel. Dermatological inspection must prevail over advanced paraclinical testing in the face of the proliferation of dietary fads.

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