Prostate antigen density and multiplanar resonance as predictors in cancer diagnosis

Abstract

To evaluate prostate antigen density and relationship with prostate multiparametric resonance imaging (mMRI) findings as a predictor in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods: The study was descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional; the sample was taken from the database in the Picture Archiving Communication System (PACS) of the Imaging Service of the Metropolitan Polyclinic (Caracas), the prostate mpMRI performed in the period January to December 2023. The data were emptied into Microsoft Excel and imported into the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 statistical program.
Results: Patients were aged between 60 and 70 years 51.6 % (n=81), with total PSA of 4.6 ng/ml to 6.5 ng/ml with 28.7 % (n=45), prostate volume between 50 and 80 cc: 31.8 % (n=50), density less than 0.15 ng/ml: 91.7 % (n=144). In prostate mMRI, there were diffuse hypointense bands: 57.3 % (n=90), followed by nodule in the peripheral area <1.5 cm: 21.7 % (n=34), PIRADS 2: 57.3 % (n=90), followed by PIRADS 4 with 21.7 %
(n=34). Pearson's Chi-square correlation of prostate antigen density with mMRI findings is 42.689a with a pvalue of 0.005. Regarding the biopsy results, of 37
patients biopsied with PIRADS of 4 and 5, most had a Gleason score of 3+4=7, which corresponded to the area of suspicion: 67.6% (n=25). Conclusion: It was possible to show that prostate antigen density is a diagnostic tool that helps predict prostate cancer and increases the sensitivity of negative or indefinite MRIs: in this way, unnecessary prostate biopsies could be avoided.