Competencias blandas en educación secundaria: Evidencias científicas de su contribución al desarrollo integral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55560/arete.2026.24.12.5Palavras-chave:
Habilidades blandas, educación secundaria, comunicación efectiva, trabajo colaborativo, pensamiento crítico y creativoResumo
La presente revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar la producción científica publicada entre el periodo 2020 al 2025 respecto al papel de las competencias blandas en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes de educación secundaria. Se examinaron específicamente tres dimensiones: comunicación efectiva, trabajo colaborativo y pensamiento crítico y creativo. La revisión se desarrolló siguiendo las directrices de la declaración PRISMA, mediante la búsqueda, selección y evaluación de estudios científicos procedentes de las bases de datos SCOPUS, ScienceDirect y EBSCO. Los hallazgos consolidados de 39 artículos científicos revelan que estas competencias se han afianzado como pilares fundamentales para el éxito académico, profesional y el bienestar socioemocional de los adolescentes del nivel secundario en el siglo XXI. Se revela una clara tendencia hacia la integración holística de estas habilidades blandas, el fomento continuo de la interacción humana, el uso estratégico y transformador de la tecnología y el diseño pedagógico integrado en los currículos. Entre las principales limitaciones de la revisión se identificaron la inclusión exclusiva de artículos científicos de acceso abierto, la consideración de publicaciones únicamente en español e inglés y la heterogeneidad metodológica y contextual de los estudios analizados. A pesar de estos avances, se requieren investigaciones futuras con estudios más robustos, mayor diversidad contextual y socioeconómica, así como el desarrollo de herramientas de evaluación objetivas.
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