Venezuela: de la bonanza económica a la crisis humanitaria. La opacidad de la migración venezolana 1999 - 2019

Abstract

In this article, discusses the recent Venezuelan international human mobility process. Venezuela, since the end of the 20th century, exhibits a change in its past migration pattern, losing its attraction as a receiving country, transforming itself into a population-expelling country.The new migration pattern occurs in a national context of high oil revenues, and, in a global context of migration crisis. To explain the Venezuelan migratory phenomenon, observed for nearly two decades, we have used three historical moments as a methodological resource, which offers an analytical structure that allows relating the economic, political and social changes occurred in the country during that lapse. Likewise, the limited migration statistics sources have forced us to articulate the official national and international statistics to approach the number of Venezuelan migrants. Finally, the main migratory destinations of this population are present destinations is presented