Seguridad e inmunogenicidad de vacunas contra SARS-CoV-2
Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2; Vacuna; ChAdOx1-S; Sinovac´s Coronavac; Gam-COVID-Vac.Resumen
La tasa de mortalidad estimada por la WHO a nivel mundial por COVID-19 ha sido del 5,7 %, mucho mayor que otras enfermedades infecciosas transmisibles, por lo que es fundamental aplicar una vacuna a la población para disminuir la propagación viral, según la OMS existen 23 proyectos en fase clínica etapa III, como las vacunas: ChadOx1, nCov-19, Gam-COVID-Vac, CoronaVac que muestran resultados prometedores en las investigaciones publicadas por la revista The Lancet Infection Diseases, por lo que consideramos correlacionar las tres vacunas y determinar cuál es más segura, genera una mayor inmunogenicidad y una menor reactogenicidad en los participantes voluntarios, para ello realizamos una revisión bibliográfica y un meta-análisis de artículos científicos de alto impacto, concluyendo que las tres vacunas generan una respuesta inmunitaria rápida e intensa frente al SARS-CoV-2, los anticuerpos neutralizantes tenía títulos elevados en los participantes a los 28 días, que se incrementaban y se mantenían estables con una segunda dosis, aunque cada una de ellas se ha probado en número y poblaciones diferentes, aplicando vectores recombinantes adenovirales y viriones inactivados químicamente con adyuvante y placebo por lo que son totalmente distintas pero con el mismo propósito generar anticuerpos de memoria frente el SARS-CoV-2.
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