La relación entre la alfabetización en salud y la calidad de vida de los ancianos con enfermedades crónicas que viven en Fasa, Irán 2019
Palabras clave:
Alfabetización en salud, calidad de vida, ancianos, enfermedades crónicas.Resumen
Introducción y antecedents. la alfabetización en salud se define como las habilidades cognitivas y sociales que determinan la motivación y la capacidad de las personas para obtener, comprender y utilizar la información de salud para mejorar y mantener una salud adecuada. La baja alfabetización en salud causa resultados de salud no deseados, comportamientos de salud nocivos, insatisfacción de los pacientes y una mayor tasa de mortalidad. El estudio existente se realizó para examinar la relación entre la alfabetización en salud y la calidad de vida de los ancianos con enfermedades crónicas que viven en Fasa, Irán durante 2019. Métodos. Este estudio transversal se realizó en 150 adultos mayores con enfermedades crónicas residentes en Fasa, 2019. Para la recolección de datos se emplearon cuestionarios de información demográfica, calidad de vida y alfabetización en salud. Los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva, chi-cuadrado, análisis de varianza unidireccional (ANOVA) y coeficiente de correlación a través del software SPSS. Resultados: El valor medio y la desviación estándar de las edades de los sujetos fue de 67,68 ± 6,92 en esta investigación. El valor medio y la desviación estándar de la duración de la enfermedad en este grupo fue de 12,47 ± 9,71. Más de la mitad de los sujetos estudiados (50,7%) tenían conocimientos de salud inadecuados. Hubo una relación significativa entre la edad, el sexo, el nivel de educación, el trabajo y la alfabetización en salud. Hubo una asociación significativa entre la puntuación total de la calidad de vida y el nivel de alfabetización en salud. Además, hubo una correlación significativa entre la edad, la educación, el trabajo, la duración de la enfermedad y la calidad de vida (P <0,05). Conclusión. Los resultados indicaron el efecto del puntaje de alfabetización en salud sobre la calidad de vida de los ancianos con enfermedades crónicas. Por lo tanto, se recomienda a los administradores del sistema de salud que realicen los planes adecuados para mejorar el nivel de alfabetización en salud de la Sociedad.
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