Relación entre el apoyo social y la ansiedad por COVID-19 en los ancianos
Palabras clave:
Apoyo social, Ansiedad, COVID-19, AncianoResumen
Introducción y antecedentes: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha estado causando problemas tanto físicos como mentales a la salud de las personas. Los efectos psicológicos son de una amplia variedad, como trastornos de pánico, miedos, ansiedad, depresión. De especial interés es un aumento de la ansiedad de las personas de la comunidad, en personas mayores y en personas con enfermedades de base. Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre el apoyo social y el nivel de ansiedad por COVID-19 en los ancianos de Fasa. Métodos: El presente estudio fue una investigación transversal realizada en 600 adultos mayores atendidos por consultorios médicos de familia urbanos y rurales, previa autorización del Adjunto de Investigación y del Comité de Ética de la universidad a través del programa Línea Prensa. Los datos de la investigación se recolectaron a través del formulario de recolección de información demográfica, el cuestionario de medición de ansiedad por COVID-19 y la escala multidimensional de apoyo social percibido. Fueron completados de manera autoinformada. Los datos se analizaron en el software SPSS-23. Resultados: La edad media de los ancianos fue de 65,91 ± 4,84 años. La mayoría de los participantes (60%) eran mujeres. Hubo una relación negativa significativa entre la ansiedad y el apoyo social percibido y sus componentes (p<0,05). Los resultados del análisis de regresión mostraron que las variables de apoyo social, trabajo y estado civil tuvieron relación estadísticamente significativa con la ansiedad (p<0.05) y estas variables explicaron el 42% de la varianza de la variable ansiedad por COVID-19 en los ancianos (p<0,05). Conclusión: fortalecer el apoyo social puede reducir significativamente la ansiedad por COVID-19 en los ancianos.
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