Concentraciones séricas de la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible y del perfil lipídico en adolescentes obesos
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adolescentes, obesidad abdominal, proteína C y dislipidemiasResumen
Introducción: la obesidad es un exceso de adiposidad caracterizado por un estado inflamatorio de bajo grado por un aumento de las proteínas de la fase aguda. Objetivo: determinar las concentraciones séricas de proteína C reactiva ultrasensible y el perfil lipídico en adolescentes obesos. Metodología: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y transversal, con un muestreo aleatorio simple de 225 adolescentes obesos, de ambos sexos y un grupo control de 100 adolescentes eutróficos, evaluados por antropometría con las curvas de Organización Mundial de la Salud y pruebas bioquímicas como las concentraciones séricas de la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible por la técnica de ELISA; el colesterol total, la lipoproteína de alta densidad y los triglicéridos, por metodología analítica seca y la lipoproteína de baja densidad por la Fórmula Friedewald: LDL (mmol/L)= colesterol total - (TG/5) – HDL, el análisis estadístico se realizó con porcentajes, desviación estándar y la prueba de T de Student considerando significancia estadística los valores de p<0,05. Resultados: en el sexo masculino existe una diferencia significativa en el peso, circunferencia de cintura y un el incremento de la PCRus de 4,8±1,6 mg/L, dislipidemia con una diferencia significativa en la hipolipoproteinemia de alta densidad e hipertrigliceridemia con los demás parámetros del perfil lipídico, además un alto riesgo cardiovascular con niveles de PCRus superiores a 3 mg/L. Conclusiones: los adolescentes presentan adiposidad central con percentiles elevados de circunferencia de cintura, componentes de la triada lipídica (hipertrigliceridemia, hipolipoprotinemia de alta densidad e hiperlipoprotinemia de baja densidad) y un aumento significativo de la PCRus considerados como biomarcadores de riesgo cardiovascular.
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