Condiciones higiénico-sanitarias como factores de riesgo para las parasitosis intestinales en una comunidad rural venezolana

Abstract

Intestinal parasites, neglected tropical diseases, contribute to the cycle of poverty in rural populations with limited access to medical care and unhygienic conditions, coupled with the consumption of contaminated food and water. Prevalence study which involved 69 children, to evaluate through inspection, standards for solid waste disposal and food handling in the Panaquire-Miranda school unit, sanitation and hygiene life conditions obtained by the participant survey, examine fecal samples of participants using the method formaldehyde-Triton-ether and associate sanitary conditions of housing with the presence of parasites. Waste, water and food management handling were unsatisfactory according to official parameters validated by health inspectors. Nineteen percent of participants do not have access to water, 17% live on poor housing and 10% have their excreta in the open field. Nearly 60% of stool samples were positive for mono or poliparasitosis. Helminthes infections were highly prevalent (73.5%) and Trichuris trichiura (34.4%) most frequent. The results showed a positive correlation between open field defecation and infection with Ascaris lumbricoides (Odds Ratio OR=8; 95%CI=1.27-50, p=0.03) and Trichuris trichiura (OR=14 95%CI=1.51-133.4, p=0.01). These findings reinforce the need for political action to improve sanitary conditions in rural communities and protect public health.