Venezuela 1936 – 2021: Movilidad Internacional, Institucionalidad y Renta Petrolera en tres contextos.

Abstract

Reviewing the international mobility of Venezuela from 1936 to 2021 is a challenge and a complex task. During the mentioned time, important political, economic, and social events occurred, a time that foreign people helped build a country as we knew years before. The fundamental goal of this paper is to show that Venezuela's rise and fall could be examined and explained by oil income and national institutions. Those variables explain the changes in the migratory pattern from a country that received a long-time ago massive number of immigrants to a country that years later expels its population under siege in a situation of political, economic, and humanitarian crisis. Using migration, oil income, and institutions allows the construction of three significant contexts and six migratory moments. Contexts build as a methodological resource that helps visualize a rich country's long and recent story that loses its fortune, path, and people. The nature of this work is documentary.