Microbiota intestinal y sus nuevos retos
Keywords:
intestinal microbiota, intestinal microbiome, dysbiosis. intestinal microbiota and obesity, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseasesAbstract
Introduction: The intestinal microbiota and its dysbiosis have been related to different systemic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular rheumatoid arthritis, hepatic steatosis and some types of cancer, based on research developed in animal and human models. especially in the last decade. Objective: To analyze the role of the intestinal microbiota, its dysbiosis alterations and the related arguments in the pathogenesis of obesity, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases according to the mechanisms exposed for these conditions, based on the results of studies in mice and findings in humans. Methods: Publications in Spanish and English in Scimago, PubMed, ScIELO were reviewed, from January 2005 to September 2020, using the terms: intestinal microbiota, intestinal microbiome, intestinal dysbiosis, intestinal microbiota and obesity, intestinal microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis and intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular diseases. Results: The main aspects of the intestinal microbiota, intestinal dysbiosis and its impact on the pathogenesis of obesity, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases were updated. Experimental studies in mice and humans were analyzed in these conditions. and the repercussion of intestinal dysbiosis and the participating mechanisms were described.Conclusions: The novel knowledge obtained in experimental studies and application in humans in different diseases, related to alterations of the intestinal microbiota with the participation of dysbiosis as a predisposing factor in the pathophysiology of obesity, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases (arterial hypertension, cardio atherosclerotic disease and insufficiency chronic heart disease) were reviewed. The results described in the last decade were argued as new challenges demonstrating the decisive value of IM in its production mechanisms.
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