PRODUCCIÓN DE LECHE, DURACIÓN DE LA LACTANCIA, EDAD AL PRIMER PARTO Y PESO AL NACER DE HEMBRAS DE DISTINTOS CRUCES HOLSTEIN X BRAHMAN Y CARORA
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El presente trabajo utilizó registros de 765 vacas de los grupos raciales: Carora (CA, n = 257), 1/2 CA 1/4 Holstein (HO) 1/4 Brahman (BR) (1/2 CA, n=58), F1: HO x BR (F1, n = 64), 5/8 HO 3/8 BR (5/8 HO, n =203), ≥ 3/4 HO ≤1/4 BR (≥ ¾ HO, n=166) y F2: HO x BR (F2, n=27) de primera lactancia de la estación experimental La Antonia, mantenidas a pastoreo y con ordeño mecánico sin apoyo del becerro. Las variables se ajustaron a modelos lineales y las medias ajustadas (± ET) de peso al nacer, edad al primer parto, producción de leche y duración de lactancia fueron 32,47 ± 0,27 kg, 38,3 ± 0,27 meses, 2884 ± 37 kg y 292 ± 3 días, respectivamente. El efecto de grupo racial y año-estación resultaron altamente significativos (P<0,01). Las constantes extremas para grupo racial fueron 1,25 (CA) y -2,01 kg (5/8 HO) para peso al nacer, -2,2 (F1) y 1,7 meses (F2) para edad al primer parto, 226 (F1) y -271 kg (CA) para leche/lactancia, 19 (CA) y -20 días (F1) para duración de lactancia. Las diferencias entre los valores extremos de las constantes de año-estación fueron 2523 kg de leche/lactancia, 209 días de duración de la lactancia, 9,49 kg de peso al nacer y 12,5 meses de edad al parto. La ventaja en producción de leche y edad al primer parto de las novillas F1 debe ser evaluada en partos posteriores, incluyendo reproducción y sobrevivencia.
Milk Production, Lactation Length, Age at First Calving and Birth Weight of Females of Different Crosses Holstein x Brahman and Carora
ABSTRACT
Records refer to 765 first lactation Carora (CA, n = 257), 1/2 CA 1/L4 Holstein (HO) 1/4 Brahman (BR) (1/2 CA, n = 58), F1: HO x BR (F1, n=64), 5/8 HO 3/8 BR (5/8 HO, n=203), ≥ 3/4 HO ≤ 1/4 BR (≥ ¾ HO, n = 166) and F2: HO x BR (F2, n= 27) cows in an experiment station La Antonia, kept on grazing and machine milked without calf suckling. Variables were analyzed using linear models, and adjusted means (± SE) for birth weight, age at first calving, milk yield and lactation length were 32.47 ± 0.27 kg, 38.3 ± 0.27 months, 2884 ± 37 kg and 292 ± 3 days, respectively. Breed group and year-season effects were highly significant (P < 0,01). The extreme constants for breed groups were 1.25 (CA) and -2,01 kg (5/8 HO) for birth weight, -2.2 (F1) and 1,7 months (F2) for age at first calving, 226 (F1) and -271 kg (CA) for milk yield, and 19 (CA) and -20 days (F1) for lactation length. Extreme year-season constants differed by 2523 kg milk, 209 days in milk, 9.49 kg birth weight and 12.5 months calving age. The advantage in milk yield and age at first calving of the F1 heifers should be evaluated in later calvings, including reproduction and survival.
Milk Production, Lactation Length, Age at First Calving and Birth Weight of Females of Different Crosses Holstein x Brahman and Carora
ABSTRACT
Records refer to 765 first lactation Carora (CA, n = 257), 1/2 CA 1/L4 Holstein (HO) 1/4 Brahman (BR) (1/2 CA, n = 58), F1: HO x BR (F1, n=64), 5/8 HO 3/8 BR (5/8 HO, n=203), ≥ 3/4 HO ≤ 1/4 BR (≥ ¾ HO, n = 166) and F2: HO x BR (F2, n= 27) cows in an experiment station La Antonia, kept on grazing and machine milked without calf suckling. Variables were analyzed using linear models, and adjusted means (± SE) for birth weight, age at first calving, milk yield and lactation length were 32.47 ± 0.27 kg, 38.3 ± 0.27 months, 2884 ± 37 kg and 292 ± 3 days, respectively. Breed group and year-season effects were highly significant (P < 0,01). The extreme constants for breed groups were 1.25 (CA) and -2,01 kg (5/8 HO) for birth weight, -2.2 (F1) and 1,7 months (F2) for age at first calving, 226 (F1) and -271 kg (CA) for milk yield, and 19 (CA) and -20 days (F1) for lactation length. Extreme year-season constants differed by 2523 kg milk, 209 days in milk, 9.49 kg birth weight and 12.5 months calving age. The advantage in milk yield and age at first calving of the F1 heifers should be evaluated in later calvings, including reproduction and survival.
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