The role of interleukin-4-590 (C>T) gene polymorphism and its relationship with lung cancer risk in the Iraqi population

Abstract

Background: Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropy cytokine that plays a role as an immune regulator and anti-inflammatory. The study was conducted to determine the polymorphisms of the IL-4 gene and its relationship with lung cancer by using ARMS-PCR (Amplification refractory mutation system technique). The study included 240 samples; their ages ranged from 37 to 72 years. This case-controlled study was performed including 160 Lung cancer patients (mean age 58.92±1.2 years) and 80 controls (mean age 46.91±1.6 years). 

Results: The results show that in Lung cancer patients samples high frequency for allele C of IL- 4-590 (C>T), was ratio 74.38% as compared with T allele was ratio 31.87%, and associated with an etiological fraction (EF) of Lung cancer patients, as well dependent on values of odds ratio (OR) was 6.20 and confidence intervals (CI 95%) was 4.09 to 9.40, while T allele associated with a preventive fraction (PF) with Lung cancer patients. The statistical analysis results present CC homozygote genotype of IL- 4 -590 (C>T) gene was higher than in Lung cancer patients and its ratio 61.25% and showed associated with an etiological fraction (EF) in Lung cancer, while CT and TT genotypes present in high frequency in control was ratio 36.25% and 50% sequentially, and present associated with a preventive fraction (PF) in lung cancer patients.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the IL-4 gene in position -590 (C>T) may represent a risk factor and is associated with lung cancer development in the Iraqi population.