Helicobacter pylori refractory to treatment: histopathology and relationship with the reaction in the polymerase chain

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is considered a public health problem. Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main causes of treatment failure, causing refractoriness. The "gold standard" method for the detection of infection is the collection of a gastric mucosa sample for histology, culture and antibiogram, allowing the selection of an appropriate treatment scheme. The gastric tissue polymerase chain reaction can detect genes associated with virulence, mainly cagA, VacA, among others. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, documentary study of 10 patients with a diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori infection refractory to treatment, who underwent a histological study and polymerase chain reaction in the gastric mucosa. Results: 80% male sex predominated, 70% adolescent. The most frequent histopathological findings were gastric ulcer 70%, the most used treatment amoxicillin / metronidazole / Omeprazole 50%. Regarding the polymerase chain reaction, a 70% positive CagA gene predominated, with a history of 3 treatments prior to the polymerase chain reaction in 50%. Conclusion: There is a greater inflammatory compromise of the gastric mucosa, associated with a positive cagA virulence gene, which can predispose the appearance of serious gastric diseases in the long term.