Estrutura da rede de interações entre abelhas e plantas melitófilas em uma área de restinga do Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses – Brasil

Resumo

The interaction between bees and plants guaranties the maintenance of the existing ecosystems. The melittophillous flora were characterized regarding their habits, provided resources, pollination syndrome, flowering, and visitor bees. The collections were performed monthly in two consecutive days (12-18h on the first day and 06-12h on the second), during a year. The sampled area was divided by a transection line, walked at a slow pace by two collectors simultaneously. It were
sampled 58 plant species, among which 35 were visited by 926 bee specimens. The most frequent species of bees were Trigona sp. cf. fulviventris, Xylocopa cearensis, Apis mellifera, Plebeia cf. flavocincta, Centris aenea and Centris caxiensis. The most visited families were Lythraceae, Malpighiaceae, Turneraceae, Asteraceae and Ochnaceae. The individuals with arboreal and shrubby habits were predominant. The floral composition showed that the melittophily was the most frequent syndrome and the most used floral resources were pollen and nectar. The network established shows heterogeneity, asymmetry and
a strong degree of nesting, where a high number of plants were visited by a low number of bees and a lot of bees visited a few number of plant