Determinación del establecimiento de parasitoides de la broca del café Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) en cafetales del Soconusco, Chiapas, México.

Abstract

The present study was conducted in coffee plantations of Chiapas to evaluate the establishment of three African parasitoids of the coffee berry borer (CBB) that have been released in this region for biological control purposes. During the inter cropping period we sampling fruits infested with the CBB from 31 coffee plantations in four municipalities. The infested fruits were observed dissected to detect the presence of any of the three species of CBB parasitoids: Cephalonomia stephanoderis, Prorops nasuta and Phymastichus coffea. We were also looking for parasitism due to the native parasitoid Cephalonomia hyalinipennis. For analysis, we considered several variables, such as, parasitoid releases, species of coffee planted, altitude of sites, among others. This data were use in a Generalized Lineal Model. The results showed that C. stephanoderis was found in 67,7% of samples, and the percent of parasitism ranged from 0,33 to 26%. C. hyalinipennis was only detected in a single sample and its parasitism was 3%. P nasuta and P. coffea were not found in samples. The presence of C. stephanoderis was correlated with altitude, the species of coffee and the number of previous releases, among others. In this study we confirm the establishment of C. stephanoderis, 20 years after its first release in coffee plantations of Chiapas, Mexico.