Efecto del consumo de diferentes variedades de casabe venezolano sobre  la concentración de lípidos séricos en un modelo experimental con ratas

Mirla Morón; Ana Virginia Ávila; Francisco Torrealba

Autores/as

Mirla Morón School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.
Ana Virginia Ávila School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.
Francisco Torrealba "Luis Razetti" School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Palabras clave:

Fibras en la dieta, Casabe, Colesterol, Triglicéridos, Venezuela.

Resumen

Introducción: La yuca es un tubérculo originario de Brasil perteneciente a la familia Euphorbiacea y al género Manihot, a partir de la cual se produce el casabe. Hoy día el casabe forma parte de la dieta de los venezolanos, siendo valorado por su contenido calórico y riqueza en fibra dietética (FD). En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del consumo de dietas que contenían fibra dietética proveniente de diferentes variedades de casabe, sobre la concentración de lípidos séricos en un modelo experimental. Métodos: se utilizaron 20 ratas machos adultas, cepa Sprague Dawley, divididas en 4 grupos: un control sin fibra y tres grupos experimentales en los que se sustituyó el almidón de maíz por una variedad de casabe, identificados por su procedencia como: “Casabe Miranda”, “Casabe Sucre” y “Casabe Amazonas”. Resultados: El contenido de FD total y su fracción soluble fueron significativamente mayores en las variedades de casabe Amazonas y Sucre (p<0,05). La inclusión de casabe a las dietas produjo un descenso significativo en las concentraciones séricas del colesterol total, y del C-LDL (p<0,05), sin encontrarse efectos sobre el C-HDL y los de triglicéridos. Conclusión: el consumo de casabe, independientemente de su variedad, tuvo un efecto hipocolesterolémico, lo que sugiere un efecto protector contra el riesgo de aparición de enfermedad coronaria. En estudios futuros podría considerarse su uso en la dietoterapia de las dislipidemias.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Mirla Morón, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Master in Nutrition Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics. Associate Professor of the Human Nutrition Chair. School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Ana Virginia Ávila, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Master in Nutrition Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics. Associate Professor of the Human Nutrition Chair. School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Francisco Torrealba, "Luis Razetti" School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Physician. "Luis Razetti" School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela. Caracas Venezuela.

Citas

Garcia P, Velasco C. Is fiber an essential nutrient in standard enteral nutrition?. Nutr Clin Med. 2013; 7(1): 26-39.

Kaczmarczyk MM, Miller MJ, Freund GG. The health benefits of dietary fiber: beyond the usual suspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. Metabolism. 2012; 61(8): 1058-66.

Papathanasopoulos A, Camilleri M. Dietary fiber supplements: effects in obesity and metabolic syndrome and relationship to gastrointestinal functions. Gastroenterology. 2010; 138(1): 65-72.

Mongeau R, Scott FW, Brassand R. Definition and analysis of dietary fiber. In: Complex Carbohydrates in Food. Edited by S. Cho, L. Prosky y M. Dreher. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1999.

Ortega C. Contribution of roots and tubers to the Food System in Venezuela. In: XI National Encounter of Cassava Growers and Researchers. Memoirs. Maturin, Venezuela: FEDEAGRO/ CECOTUP/ Gob. Monagas;1996.

Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Alimentación; Instituto Nacional de Nutrición. Tabla de Composición de los Alimentos. Revisión 2012. Caracas: Gente de Maíz; 2012.

Chonchol N, Tovar J. Dietary Fiber Content and Starch Digestibility in Cassava Bread. Nutr Rep Int. 1988; 38(2): 433-37.

Rivera CJ, Gerardi A, Infante B, Carrasco H, Rodriguez O. Dietary fiber analysis of casabe using gravimetric methods. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1993; 43(1):78-81.

Li S, Cui Y, Zhou Y, Luo Z, Liu J, Zhao M. The industrial applications of cassava: current status, opportunities and prospects. J Sci Food Agric. 2017;97(8):2282-90.

Zhang W, Li D, Liu L, Zang J, Duan Q, Yang W, et al. The effects of dietary fiber level on nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2013;4(1):17-22.

Morón M, Ávila A, Hernández P. Efecto del consumo de casabe venezolano sobre la absorción de minerales en un modelo experimental con ratas. INHRR. 2013; 44( 2 ): 13-20.

Ávila A, Morón M, Hernández R, Torrealba F. Efecto del consumo de casabe sobre la absorción y retención aparente de proteínas en un modelo experimental con ratas. Rev Digit Postgrado. 2018; 7(1): 31-7.

American Institute of Nutrition. Report of the American Institute of Nutrition ‘’ad hoc‘’ committee of standards for nutritional studies. J Nutr. 1977; 107(7):1340-8.

National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th Edition. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2011.

Campbell JA. Method for determination of PER & NPR. In: Food and Nutrition Board. Committee on Protein Quality. Evaluation of protein quality Washington D.C., NAS/NRC; 1963.

Allain C, Poon L, Chan C, Richmond W. Enzymatic determination of total cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1974; 20(4): 470-5.

Kostner G, Allain C. Enzymatic determination of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein. Clin Chem. 1976; 22(5): 695.

Fossati P, Prencipe L. Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. Clin Chem. 1982; 28(10): 2077-80.

Prosky I, Asp NG, Schjeweinzer TF, De Vries JW, Furda. Determination of insoluble, soluble and total dietary fiber in food products. Chem. 1988; 71(5): 1017-23.

Infante R, García O, Rivera C. Characterization of dietary fiber and pectin of cassava bread obtained from different regions of Venezuela. Rev Chil Nutr. 2013;40(2):169-73.

Terpstra AH, Lapre JA, de Vries HT, Beynen AC. Dietary Pectin with high viscosity lowers plasma and liver cholesterol concentration and plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in hamsters. J Nutr. 1998; 128(11): 1944-9.

Moundras C, Bher SR, Demigné C, Mazur A, Rémésy C. Fermentable polysaccharides that enhance fecal bile acid excretion lower plasma cholesterol and apolipoprotein E-rich HDL in rats. J Nutr. 1994; 124(11): 2179-88.

Osundahunsi OF1, Williams AO, Oluwalana IB. Prebiotic effects of cassava fibre as an ingredient in cracker-like products. Food Funct. 2012;3(2):159-63.

Castañeda BG, Fernández MR, García MG, Cook MJ. Effect of dietetic fiber on the seric lipids of male and female rats. MedULA. 2003; 2(3): 64-69.

Schwandt P, Richter W O, Weisweiler P. Cholestyramine plus pectin in treatment of patients with familiar hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 1982; 44(3): 379-84.

Rosa OB, Costa BM, Leal FG, Oliveira T. The cholesterol-lowering effect of black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) without hulls in hypercholesterolemic rats. Arch Lat de Nutr. 1998; 48(4): 299-305.

Bruce B, Spiller GA, klevay LM, Gallagher SK. A diet high in whole and unrefined food favorably alters lipids, antioxidant defenses, and colon function. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000; 19(1): 61-7.

López G, Ros G, Rincón F, Periago M, Martinez C. Functional properties of dietary fiber: mechanism of actions in gastrointestinal tract. Arch Lat de Nutr. 1997; 47(3): 203-07.

Martin CN. Reduction in serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations by dietary fiber and polyphenols-rich grape products in hipercholesterolemic rats. Nutrition Research. 1999; 19(9): 1371-81.

Prasad K, Stuglin C. Effect of flaxseed consumption on blood pressure, serum lipids, hemopoietic system and liver and kidney enzymes in healthy humans. J Cardiovascular Pharmacol. 2005; 10(1): 7-23.

Anderson JW. Dietary fiber, lipids and Atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol. 1987; 60(12): 17G-22G.

Borel P, Lairon D, Senft M, Garzino P. Lack of effect of purified cellulose and hemicellulose on the digestion and the intestinal adsorption of dietary lipids in the rat. Ann Nutr. 1989; 33(95): 237-245.