Complicaciones obstétricas en gestantes trabajadoras

José R. Urdaneta Machado; Noren Villalobos; Isel Coromoto Graterol Silva; José E. García Idelfonso; Nasser Baabel Zambrano; Alfi Contreras Benítez; Mariem Encarnación Fernández Correa; Laurenis Labarca

Authors

José R. Urdaneta Machado
Noren Villalobos
Isel Coromoto Graterol Silva
José E. García Idelfonso
Nasser Baabel Zambrano
Alfi Contreras Benítez
Mariem Encarnación Fernández Correa
Laurenis Labarca

Keywords:

Obstetrics complications, Pregnancy, Risk, Work.

Abstract

To determine the risk of obstetric complications in workers pregnant women attending at the Maternity "Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza" in Maracaibo, Zulia state. Methods: Comparative research, with non experimental and transactional design. We included 100 pregnant workers (cases) and 100 non-workers (controls); evaluated the risk of showed any obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, premature birth, low birth weight and birth defects. Results: Prevailed service workers and salespersons and market (31%) and elementary occupations (20%), employed (74%), with between 2-5 years old (56%), work in a standing position (62%), high-average physical or mental demand (73% and 57%, respectively), high labor demand (51%), high job satisfaction (68%) and exposed to ergonomic risks as heavy physical exertion (51.8%). It was found that 44% of patients had some obstetric complication, although workers there were more complications than non-workers, the presence of any complications was similar and showed no difference significant (41% vs. 47%, respectively; OR [95% CI] = 0.783 [0.447 to 1.371]; p> 0.05). Although was not representing a risk factor, only preterm birth predominated in pregnant workers (10% vs. 1%; OR [95% CI] = 0.090 [0.011 to 0.724]; p = 0.009); while the presence of preeclampsia occurred mostly in non-workers (8% vs. 16%, respectively; OR [95% CI] = 2.191 [0.892 to 5.381]; p> 0.005), representing not have the employment status a protective factor for preeclampsia, although not significant. Conclusion: The employment status does not create further risk of complications in pregnant women.

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