Sobrepeso, obesidad y cáncer de mama
Palabras clave:
Obesidad, Cáncer de Mama, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Obesity, Breast Cancer, Diagnosis, TreatmentResumen
La obesidad produce trastornos metabólicos e insuficiencia orgánica y aumenta el riesgo de muchos tipos de cáncer. La posible relación entre obesidad y cáncer de mama depende de complicadas interacciones metabólicas entre estrógenos, insulina y actividad endocrina de los adipocitos. Las pacientes obesas tienen tres veces más riesgo de desarrollar cáncer comparado con las mujeres con peso normal. Además, las mujeres obesas tienden a presentar tumores no palpables, lo que lleva a diagnósticos en estadios más avanzados de la enfermedad y peores resultados por tratamientos tardíos. También tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones anestésicas, quirúrgicas y posquirúrgicas. La obesidad es un factor de riesgo modificable para el cáncer de mama. Limitar la frecuencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en las mujeres puede disminuir de la tasa de morbimortalidad por esta condición. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar la relación entre sobrepeso, obesidad y cáncer de mama.
Obesity produces metabolic disorders and organ failure and increases the risk of many types of cancer. The possible relationship between obesity and breast cancer depends on complicated metabolic interactions between estrogen, insulin, and endocrine activity of adipocytes. Obese patients are three times more at risk of developing cancer compared to normal-weight women. Furthermore, obese patients tend to present non-palpable tumors, leading to diagnoses in more advanced stages of the disease and worse results of later treatments. They also have an increased risk of anesthetic, surgical, and post-surgical complications. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer. Limiting the frequency of overweight and obesity in women can decrease the morbidity and mortality rate for this condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the relationship between overweight, obesity and breast cancer.
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