Síndrome de flujo vaginal en el embarazo: factores de riesgo asociados
Palabras clave:
Embarazo, Factores de Riesgo, Infección Vaginal, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Vaginal DiseasesResumen
Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al síndrome de flujo vaginal en gestantes. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, descriptico, transversal y de casos y controles, que incluyó 68 gestantes, atendidas desde septiembre de 2021 hasta enero de 2022 en el hospital Sergio Bernales de Lima, divididas en dos grupos, 48 casos, con el síndrome de flujo vaginal y 20 controles sin el mismo. Se utilizó un cuestionario validado, que incluyó información de la presencia y características del flujo vaginal, así como los factores asociados. Resultados: La prevalencia de síndrome de flujo vaginal fue 70,6 %. Tener menos de 18 años (RP: 1,55; IC 95 %: 1,28 – 1,89]), presentar anemia (RP: 1,38; IC 95 %: 1,06 – 1,80), haber iniciado precozmente las relaciones sexuales (RP: 2,33; IC 95 %: 1,21 – 4,49), el antecedente de flujo vaginal patológico (RP: 1,46; IC 95 %: 1,08 – 1,97), tener infección urinaria (RP: 1,46; IC 95 %: 1,08 – 1,97) y la higiene intima diaria (RP: 2,35; IC 95 %: 1,04 – 5,30) fueron factores asociados significativamente a la presencia de flujo vaginal patológico en la gestación. Conclusión: Este estudio encontró que determinados factores personales y ginecobstétricos, así como uno conductual, incrementaban el riesgo de presentar síndrome de flujo vaginal en el embarazo.
Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with vaginal discharge syndrome in pregnant women. Methods: Prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional and case-control study, which included 68 pregnant women, attended from September 2021 to January 2022 at the Sergio Bernales Hospital, in Lima, divided into two groups, 48 cases, with vaginal discharge syndrome and 20 controls without it. A validated questionnaire was used, which included information on the presence and characteristics of vaginal discharge, as well as the associated factors. Results: The prevalence of vaginal discharge syndrome was 70.6 %. Being under 18 years old (OR: 1.55, 95 % CI: 1.28 - 1.89]), having anemia (OR: 1.38, 95 % CI: 1.06 - 1.80), having started sexual intercourse early (OR: 2.33, CI 95 %: 1.21 – 4.49), history of pathological vaginal discharge (PR: 1.46, 95 % CI: 1.08 – 1.97), urinary tract infection (PR: 1.46, 95 % CI: 1.08 – 1.97) and daily intimate hygiene (PR: 2.35, 95 % CI: 1.04 - 5.30) were factors significantly associated with the presence of pathological vaginal discharge during pregnancy. Conclusion: This study found that certain personal and gyneco-obstetric factors, just as behavioral ones increased the risk of presenting vaginal discharge syndrome in pregnancy.
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