This article presents data on the development ofpathogenetic relationships expressing TLR 2, 4initiations of inflammation in the mucosa of thecolon and, as a consequence, the appearance of the mainclinical symptoms of the disease. As well as the data obtainedcan serve as a theoretical justification for the searchand conduct additional methods of pharmacological correctionof the revealed violations. The results of the studyallow to expand the diagnostic algorithm, to optimize thetactics of management of patients with IBD, to predictearly recurrence of the disease.