La infusión de hojas de planta de higo (Ficus carica) y su acción sobre melanoforos de pez cebra (Danio rerio) bajo irradiación y monitoreo cardíaco “In vivo”

Abstract

The effect of an infusion of plant leaves Higo (F.carica) was evaluated on pigmented cells of Zebrafish larvae, irradiated with a source of red light emitting diode (LED). Heart activity was followed by a Videocardiograma. 72 hpf larvae were immobilized on a concave slide with 2% Agarose solution and observed under an inverted microscope Olympus IX71. The melanophores of the dorso-lateral portion were targeted to a 40x magnification and the preparation was subjected to a first cycle of irradiation in the absence of infusion, for 5, 10 and 15 min. A second cycle of irradiation was applied after immobilized larvae were incubated for 1 h with C1:10 infusions from 30 g of leaves / 250mL. Photographs and videos, before and after the respective treatments, were obtained with a digital camera OLYMPUS DP71. The image analysis with ImageJ and analysis of the videos with Matlab, allowed determining the values of average cell surface melanophores and heart rate. The effect of Methylen Blue was also analyzed. Morphometric analysis, determined that, absent the infusion, the average cell area melanophores remained constant with values around 51.19 ± 1.3 μm2. Heart rate was maintained with values of 146.1 ± 1.96 beats / minute. However, after treatment with the infusion and irradiation cycle ended, there was an increase in cytoplasm projections, which resulted in an increase in average cell area values melanophores with 83.33 ± 9.8 μm2 translated into a 62% increase in mean cell area of these cells. Heart rate was reduced by 24% fewer beats / minute. Irradiation in the presence of Methylen Blue induced similar morphological changes and no functional changes. The cardiac activity remained constant. The incubation of larval Zebrafish with F.carica infused, subjected to irradiation, induces morphological changes with signs of photo damage in the cytoskeleton of pigmented cells with reduction of heart rate. Probably the chemical present in the infusion, particularly the Furocoumarins, could be responsible for the observed cell damage.